Naringenin attenuates Hematobiochemical and histopathological alterations induced by lead intoxication in rats

Objective: The present research was performed to assess the protective effect of naringenin against lead acetate toxicity in rats.

Design: Randomized controlled study.

Animals: Forty adult male albino rats, weighing 140 and 160 g, were used in this study.

Procedure: The forty adult male rats were distributed into 4 groups (10 rats/ group). 1stgroup (A): control group administered usual water and food pellets. 2ndgroup (B): were administered lead acetate orally at a dose 500 mg/kg/BW/day. 3rd group (C): were administered naringenin 50 mg/kg BW/day dissolved in carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) 0.5%, 4thgroup (D): were administered lead acetate plus naringenin for 4 weeks. Blood collected then, all rats were euthanized; renal, splenic tissues were collected. The influence of naringenin against lead acetate toxicity on blood picture alterations, nephrotoxicity, serum lipid abnormalities, and histological changes in the kidney and spleen was investigated.

Results: Administration of lead acetate induced some hematological alterations; included significant decrease in Hb concentration, PCV %, RBCs count meanwhile, total leukocytic and lymphocytic counts were significantly elevated. At the same level there are, marked elevation in the renal function biomarkers (urea, uric acid, creatinine) and lipid profile; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC), as well as very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-c) serum concentrations. In contrast, a substantial decrease was observed in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Additionally, significant histopathological alterations were seen in the renal and spleen tissues of LA-toxicated rats. On the other hand, NRG markedly attenuated lead induced hematological, biochemical and histopathological alterations.