Some physiological effects of momordica charantia and trigonella foenum-graecum extracts indiabetic rat as compared with cidophage

.E, Wehaish

doi:10.21608/mvmj.2010.183673

Some physiological effects of momordica charantia and trigonella foenum-graecum extracts indiabetic rat as compared with cidophage

Document Type : Original Articles

Author

Wehaish .E

10.21608/mvmj.2010.183673

Abstract

Ethanolic extract of Momordica charantia (BM) and Trigonella foenum-graecum(TG)were used to investigate their antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin (S1Z) induced diabetic albino rats. BM and TG were given to the STZ induced diabetic rats at the concentrationof 500mg/kg, 50mg/kg body weight respectively in different groups, orally once a day for 4 weeks. Cidophage is also given to another group to support the results at the concentration of 500mg I kg body weight orally once a day for 4 weeks. The results reveled that oral administration of plant extracts significantly reduced glucose levels in the following order: cidophage (1. 08 fold), bitter melon (1.1 7 fold), and fenugreek (1.33 fold}, as compared with healthy control rats. Insulin secretion was stimulated after 4 weeks of treatment with cidophage (0.87 fold), bitter melori. (0.86 fold}, and Fenugreek (0. 79 fold) as compared with non-diabetic healthy control one. Levels of the liver enzymes AST and ALT were normalized with bitter melon and fenugreek treatment in a similar degree as with cidophage, suggesting an improvement in liver functions. Creatinine levels were normalized in all treated groups. Regarding to lipid pro.file, there were decreases in liver cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL in diabetic rats after treatment with extracts. On the other hand, HDL levels · were increased in the following order bitter melon, cidophage, and fenugreek respectively. Serum nitric oxide and malonaldehyde levels were reduced’ in all treated groups. Levels of the anti-oxidant GSH were increased in all treated groups. Evan’s Blue extravasation test (as a measure of peripheral capillary permeability) significantly increased in the skin of diabetic animals. This effect was restored by ethanolic e’xtracts of bitter melon, andfenugreek respectively. The diabetic group also showed delayed wound healing compared with the treated diabetic group as measured by histopathological observation. Applying the experimental extracts accelerated the rate of wound closure, indicating the beneficial role of the bitter melon andfenugreek extracts in the healing process of the diabetic wound. Histopathological examination of pancreas from diabetic rats showed shrunken islets and their shape were destroyed with infiltration of lymphocytes compared to control group. In the mean time, animals treated with the experimental extracts showed bigger and comparable islets to that of normal rats. The enlargement of islets in diabetic ani ,

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