Mansoura University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMansoura Veterinary Medical Journal1110-721922220210601Impact of dietary Spirulina (arthrospira) platensis on growth performance, gene expression and antioxidant status of quail challenged with salmonella enteritidis.384717695210.21608/mvmj.2021.66416.1040ENGhadaAbd EL-Dayempoultry Diseases Department, animal health research institute,
(Mansoura branch),Agriculture Research Center, P.O.Box 246 Dokki,12618-Giza, EGYPT0000-0001-7466-8693GehanSalehpoultry Diseases Department, animal health research institute,
(Mansoura branch),Agriculture Research Center, P.O.Box 246 Dokki,12618-Giza, EGYPTReham Abd EL- RaoufAbd EL- ElwahabBiochemistry, Nutritional Deficiency DEPARTMENT, Animal Health Research Institute(AHRI) (Mansoura branch) Agriculture Research Center (ARC), P.O. Box 246 Dokki, 12618 – Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20210306Abstract<br /> Objective: To investigate the effect of dietary Spirulina platensis supplementation on growth performance, organ colonization, expression of inflammatory-related genes, and antioxidant status in quail challenged with Salmonella enteritidis.<br /> Design: Randomized controlled experimental study.<br /> Animals: hundred eighty-seven-day-old Japanese quail.<br /> Procedures: birds were randomly allocated into 6 equal groups. G1, G2, and G3: non challenged and fed abasal diet supplemented with Spirulina at 0, 1, and 2 g/kg diet, respectively. G4, G5, and G6: challenged and fed a basal diet supplemented with Spirulina at 0, 1, and 2 g/kg diet, respectively. At 21 days of age, all challenged groups were orally inoculated with 1ml of (1.00x107 Salmonella enteritidis/ml). The collected samples were serum for determining biochemical and antioxidant parameters, cecal tissue samples for determination of gene expression of inflammatory-related genes, and tissue samples from liver, heart, spleen, and caecum for bacterial reisolation.<br /> Results: The dietary supplementation of Spirulina significantly improved growth performance parameters and reduced organ colonization. The cecal pro-inflammatory gene expressions (IL-6, IL1 ß and TNFα) were significantly downregulated while the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) was significantly increased. In addition, gene expression of cecal serum amyloid (SAA) was significantly down-regulated. The antioxidant and serum biochemical parameters were improved. <br /> Conclusion and clinical relevance: dietary supplementation of Spirulina could be a helpful strategy for mitigating the harmful effects of Salmonella enteritidis in quail.https://mvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_176952_b30752737b69cb35a5200070e3197881.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMansoura Veterinary Medical Journal1110-721922220210601Haematological and serum biochemical reference intervals of juvenile African bonytongue fish (Heterotis niloticus. Cuvier, 1829) sampled from the river benue, Nigeria829016057110.21608/mvmj.2021.56537.1024ENADEYEMO THOMASBOLADEFACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE
UNIVERSITY OF ABUJAENEFENDIDIDEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY, FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF ABUJA.Journal Article20210105<strong><em>Objective</em></strong><em>:</em> Based on the potential clinical and management significance of selected hematological and serum biochemistry parameters, study aimed to establish the hematological and serum biochemistry reference ranges for juvenile <em>Heterotis niloticus </em> (African bonytongue fish) a fish with significant aquaculture potential in Africa.
<strong><em>Design and procedure: </em></strong>Hematology and serum biochemical reference ranges were determined in blood and serum samples obtained from 243 healthy juvenile <em>Heterotis niloticus</em> sampled from three locations along the Benue River and its adjoining wetlands. The reference ranges were obtained using the Shapiro Wilk test and the guidelines of the national committee for clinical laboratory standards.
<strong><em>Results:</em></strong> Hematological reference ranges are; packed cell volume 19 – 27 %; hemoglobin concentration 3.1– 6.4 g/dL; total erythrocytes count 1.59×10<sup>6 </sup>– 2.92 ×10<sup>6</sup> µ/L; total leucocytes counts 4.97× 10<sup>3</sup> – 5.40 × 10<sup>3</sup> µ/L; mean corpuscular volume 113.7 – 218.7 fL; mean corpuscular haemoglobin 25.06 – 28.85 pg; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration 12.61– 20.27 g/dL. Serum biochemical reference ranges are; serum glucose, 51.0 – 89.50 mg/dL; total protein 56.5 – 79.50 g/L; globulin 11.5 – 15.50 g/L; albumin 32.88 – 69.35 g/L; aspartate amino transferase 79.2 – 98.3 U/L; alanine amino transferase 24.78 – 46.0 U/L. Alkaline phosphatase 28.75 – 57.25 U/L; creatinine 51.0 – 80.0 g/L; urea 13.1 – 17.10 mg/dL and uric acid 1.90 – 2.30 mg/dL.
<strong><em>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance</em></strong><em>:</em> These data will provide clinically useful information for the diagnosis, treatment and prognostication of intervention and or outcomes in the culture and or zootechnical management of <em>Heterotis niloticus </em>in natural water bodies.https://mvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_160571_6bd8b7432b3463a8a43801063f31bf60.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMansoura Veterinary Medical Journal1110-721922220210601Influence of Dietary Supplementation of Ginger, Garlic and their Combination on Mycological Assessment of Quail Carcasses525716057210.21608/mvmj.2021.65644.1037ENTamerGadveterinary teaching hospital ,veterinary medicine facultyJournal Article20210301Objectives: this work was under taken to evaluate the influence of dietary supplementation of ginger, garlic and their combination on quail meat through assessment of its contamination with fungi and its toxins and its effect on human.<br /> Methods: We obtained 110, Japanese quail chicks of one day old were included in this study, they were further subdivided into four groups (n = 25/group): Control group was free from any dietary additions and the other three treated groups with ginger, mixed and garlic supplements, respectively for 45 days. After scarifying, skin swab specimens were assembled from quail breast and thigh muscles.<br /> Results: revealed that breast and thigh muscles in garlic treated group have the lowest counts of total mold and yeast than those of the others. Notably, control group represented the highest incidence in mold and yeast contamination as compared to that of the others. The isolated mold species were Aspergillus spp. Mucor , Penicillium spp. , Fusarium spp. , Rhizopus , Alternaria and Cladosporium spp. . The isolated Aspergillus strains were A. flavus , A. fumigatus and A. niger <br /> Conclusions and potential relevance: It could be concluded that this research<br /> established the significance of the dietary addition of ginger, garlic and their combination as antifungal agents in the quail meal whereas, the garlic was the superior supplement for an obvious and considerable decreasing of yeast and mold loads in quails meat.https://mvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_160572_5f8d90e6c87181c76d53cf5fe2393ecc.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMansoura Veterinary Medical Journal1110-721922220210601The antimicrobial effect of fresh garlic and garlic oil supplemented with ground beef485116057310.21608/mvmj.2021.67329.1045ENMahmoudMahrosFood hygiene and control department, faculty of veterinary medicine, Mansoura university0000-0003-3423-0085AsmaaEltanahyGeneral Veterinary Authority, Mansoura Branch, Egypt.SamirAbd-ElghanyFood Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura UniversityKhalidSallamFood Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.Journal Article20210311<strong>Objective:</strong> The study was designed to investigate the antibacterial effect of fresh garlic and garlic oil against the aerobic bacteria in beef meatballs during their cold storage at 4°C. <br /> <strong>Design:</strong> Observational study<br /> <strong>Procedures:</strong> Three concentrations of fresh garlic (FG) (2%, 3%, and 5%) and garlic oil (GO) (250 mg/kg, 360 mg/kg, and 600 mg/g) were added to ground beef samples then treated meat and untreated (control) were kept in refrigeration at 4 °C for 15 days and their aerobic bacteria were determined. <br /> <strong>Results:</strong> The addition of garlic to ground beef significantly reduced (more than 3 log10 CFU/g) their aerobic bacteria during their refrigerated storage, in comparison with untreated meat. Furthermore, FG achieved a maximal reduction than GO, however, FG 5% and GO 600 mg/kg showed the most potent antibacterial effect. The sensory evaluation of treated meat revealed that FG 5% and GO 600 mg/kg had a significant strongest garlic flavor and the least acceptable score than other meat investigated. <br /> <strong>Conclusion and clinical relevance:</strong> The results indicated that garlic added to ground beef tested exhibited obvious effect against aerobic bacteria and can be used as a useful preservative in meat products.https://mvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_160573_64bc8a6b8c8cc939ef9395909e6c7c44.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMansoura Veterinary Medical Journal1110-721922220210601The in vivo ameliorative effect of silymarin on cisplatin-associated ovarian and testicular histopathological and biochemical alterations657117047910.21608/mvmj.2021.56846.1025ENSohailaAbd El-HameedDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.Hebatallah A.MahgoubDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Mansoura UniversityWalaaAwadinDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura UniversityAhmedElshaiebPathology Department, Mansoura University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineJournal Article20210106<strong><em>Objective:</em></strong> To investigate the protective effect of silymarin against <em>in vivo</em> cisplatin-induced ovarian, testicular and epididymal histopathological alterations in female and male albino rats, respectively.<br /> <strong><em>Design:</em></strong>Randomized controlled study.<br /> <strong><em>Animals:</em></strong>Eighty adult male and female albino rats (160 ± 20 g in body weight and 4-6 weeks in age). <br /> <strong><em>Procedures:</em></strong>animals were randomly allocated to four treatments groups. Animals were treated with either mock treatment, cisplatin, silymarin or cisplatin and silymarin simultaneously for 20 successive days. Blood and tissue samples (ovary, testis and epididymis) were collected. Animal sera were tested for sex hormones and ovary, testis and epididymis were examined histopathologically.<br /> <strong><em>Results:</em></strong> Our study demonstrated the ability of silymarin to ameliorate the cisplatin-associated tissue damage in all studied organs. Silymarin treatment also had a minor effect on resorting the serum level of estrogen in cisplatin-treated female rats.<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion and clinical relevance:</em></strong> Silymarin may be an alternative nutritional supplement to counteract the side effects of cisplatin during anti-cancer chemotherapy.https://mvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_170479_2c86e09b1dc5c54a1744f54145c87bef.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMansoura Veterinary Medical Journal1110-721922220210601Characterization of methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from healthy cattle and buffaloes in a linked community768117503110.21608/mvmj.2021.76816.1061ENMayada MosadGwidaHygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University.0000-0001-6312-4703Thorya MosadSaadHygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University.AdelElgoharyDepartment of l hygiene and zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptAmroMohamedDepartment of Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptJournal Article20210519<strong><em>Objective:</em></strong>To give updated information regarding the occurrence of methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant <em>S. aureus </em>isolated from dairy cattle and buffalos in a linked study population.
<strong><em>Design:</em></strong> Descriptive study.
<strong><em>Samples:</em></strong>The study comprised 360 samples (240 of animal origin and 120 from humans). Three different types of samples (including teat swabs, milk and feces, 80 each) were collected from animals in addition (nasal swabs, hand swabs and stool specimens, 40 each) were collected from contact persons.
<strong><em>Procedures:</em></strong>The collected samples were examined by stander techniques.
<strong><em>Results:</em></strong><em>S. aureus </em>was identified in 59.3% (73/123) from the examined farm dairy cattle. MRSA was not determined in any of the examined cows’ samples while for buffaloes, it was detected in 63.2% (12/19), 64.7% (11/17) and 40 % (4/10) in milk, teat swabs and fecal samples, respectively. For smallholding cattle and buffaloes, MRSA was detected in the above mentioned samples and in relation to the recovered <em>S. aureus</em> isolates (at cefoxitin 4μg/ml) in the following pattern: 22.2% (4/18), 15% (3/20) and 18.8% (3/16) and 20% (3/15), 100% (11/11) and 43.8% (7/16), respectively. However, in contact persons the percentage was 85 (34/40), 82.5 (33/40) and 90 (36/40) from nasal swabs, hand swabs and stool specimens, respectively.
<strong><em>Conclusion and clinical relevance:</em></strong>The results herein confirmed that cows, buffaloes and their contact workers could play a significant role in the transmission of MRSA, whereas the detection of MRSA in the raw milk, teat swabs and feces of cows and buffaloes may create the opportunity for the transmission of such bacteria.https://mvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_175031_5b69c5a8f0778bac4e7a71522d5737e9.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMansoura Veterinary Medical Journal1110-721922220210630Improving the quality of ground mutton by garlic oil727517754210.21608/mvmj.2021.66495.1041ENMarwa MahmoudEmamDepartment of food hygiene and controlMahmoud AhmedMohammed1 Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura
University, Mansoura , Egypt.0000-0003-3423-0085Samir MohamedAbd-ElghanyDepartment of food hygiene and control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EgyptHazem HassanRamadanDepartment of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EgyptJournal Article20210306<strong><em>Objective:</em></strong> The aim of this study is to examine the antimicrobial activity of garlic oil to extend the shelf life of ground mutton stored aerobically at 4 <sup>o</sup>C for 15 days through its effect on the aerobic plate count and Enterobacteriaceae count that contaminate the meat during its preparation.
<strong><em>Design:</em></strong> Observational controlled study.
<strong><em>Samples:</em></strong> 7200 g of fresh mutton
<strong><em>Procedures:</em></strong>meat sampleswere divided into four equal groups (600 gm each), three, groups were treated with different concentrations of garlic oil (250, 360, and 600 mg/kg) and the last group (without any addition) as a control. The treated samples were thoroughly mixed with garlic oil by hand (with sterile gloves), then the meat of each group was packaged separately in sterile polyethylene bags, marked, and stored aerobically in the refrigerator at 4 <sup>o</sup>C for 15 days and subjected to microbiological analyses and sensory evaluation.
<strong><em>Results:</em></strong>there was a significant decrease in aerobic plate count and Enterobacteriaceae count of treated meat samples in comparison with the untreated samples. Additionally, the use of garlic oil at concentration of 600 mg/kg meat has higher effect than 250 mg/kg and 360 mg/kg during the period of storage. Furthermore, garlic oil also enhanced the sensory characteristics of treated the ground mutton.
<strong><em>Conclusion and clinical relevance:</em></strong> we suggest that the addition of garlic oil to fresh mutton during cold storage is potentially useful in improving its quality and extending its shelf-life.https://mvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_177542_6d54abf38a48cefede0df7d77b2e1650.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMansoura Veterinary Medical Journal1110-721922220210601Prevalence and clinical presentation of skin affections in donkey (Equus asinus) in Egypt586417802410.21608/mvmj.2021.74638.1058ENMohamedSayed-AhmedDepartment of Internal Medicine, Infectious and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt0000-0003-0777-8256AhmedAhdyNational Research Center, El-Dokki, EgyptEmadYounisDepartmentof Internal Medicine, Infectious and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptSabryEl-KhoderyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Infectious and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt0000-0002-0545-5827Journal Article20210430<strong><em>Objective:</em></strong> To document prevalence and clinical presentation of skin diseases in donkeys as well as to investigate predilections for the most common conditions.<br /> <strong><em>Design:</em></strong> Epidemiological study<br /> <strong><em>Animals:</em></strong> A total of 1134 donkeys at northern Egypt were investigated. <br /> <strong><em>Procedures:</em></strong> A questionnaire was constructed to verify the number of infected contact animals as well as the associated factors. Physical examination was carried out and the distribution of skin lesions was recorded. Skin scraping and biopsy were obtained to perform bacteriological, mycological and histopathological examinations.<br /> <strong><em>Results:</em></strong> Thirty-five (3.09%) Out of 1134 noticed donkeys had skin affections including mange (18/35; 51.42%), dermatophytosis (6/35; 17.14%), bacterial dermatitis (6/35; 17.14%) urticaria (2/35; 0.57%) and allergic dermatitis (3/35; 0.86%).<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion and clinical relevance:</em></strong> The mange and dermatophytosis are the prevalent skin diseases in donkeys. Contact with other animal species of contaminated environment may contribute to the occurrence of the diseases.https://mvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_178024_87b50bf2ddb3b6046474e70f7957d2e1.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMansoura Veterinary Medical Journal1110-721922220210630Effect of Moringa olefiera on neurotoxicity induced by sodium fluoride in rats919618854410.21608/mvmj.2021.188544ENAbeerShalanDirectorate of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura 35511, Egypt.ShimaaEl- SayedDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.GehadEl- SayedEl-SaidEl-SaidJournal Article20200610<strong><em>Objective:</em></strong> This study was carried out to evaluate the detoxifying effects of aqueous extract of <em>Moringa Oleifera</em> on sodium fluoride-induced neurotoxicity in male Wister rats.<br /> <strong><em>Design</em></strong><em>: </em>Randomized controlled study.<br /> <strong><em>Animals: </em></strong>Forty rats<br /> <strong><em>Procedures:</em></strong> Rats were allocated into four equal groups (10 each). Basically, each group received the same basal diet for 30 days. The first group was not received additional treatment (negative control). However, the second group received 20 mg/kg b.wt sodium fluoride daily (positive control), the third group received sodium fluoride at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.wt and <em>Moringa Oleifera</em> at 300 mg/kg daily, and the fourth group received sodium fluoride at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.wt and <em>Moringa Oleifera</em> 500 mg/kg daily using a stomach tube.<br /> <strong><em>Results</em></strong><em>:</em> Dopamine and serotonin were significantly increased in <em>Moringa Oleifera</em> treated rats at 300 and 500 mg/kg in comparison with rats treated with sodium fluoride, but the higher dose of M. <em>Oleifera</em> achieved the best result (1.23±0.13 vs. 0.31±0.013) and (2.95±0.019 vs. 0.91±0.016) respectively. TAC, SOD, catalase were significantly increased in <em>Moringa Oleifera</em> treated rats at 300 and 500 mg/kg in comparison with rats treated with sodium fluoride, versed with MDA significantly decreased in <em>Moringa Oleifera</em> treated rats Also, to improve the anatomical structure of the disease in the brain reduces heavy bleeding and neurodegenerative changes, and maintains normal nerve cells, improves antioxidant ability as a whole.<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion and clinical relevance</em></strong><em>:</em> Collectively, our results indicate that <em>Moringa Oleifera</em> watery extract has a detoxifying effect on NaF induced neurotoxicity via improving neurotransmitters andantioxidant activity.https://mvmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_188544_d52b857e3ba4382234536e8f610bbe23.pdf